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2008 News Articles

September=20 19, 2008=20

CIHR research scam alert

The = Canadian=20 Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) has been informed of fraudulent=20 advertisements being posted on online classifieds web sites such as=20 Craigslist.com and Kijiji.com, as well as on posters in the Vancouver = area. In=20 these advertisements, the author claiming to be a CIHR employee named=20 "Chelsea" invites people to participate in a research study. She = promises a=20 generous payment after the completion of the study, but requires a=20 "refundable" fee of $50 at the time of registration.
Please be = advised=20 that this is a SCAM, and not a legitimate research study.

The=20 advertisements are not from CIHR. The message's author is neither a = CIHR=20 employee, nor a CIHR-funded researcher. Do NOT respond.

We = have=20 already notified appropriate law enforcement authorities about this = situation.=20 If you see or receive the advertisement, we encourage you to contact = your=20 local RCMP Detachment or the police service of jurisdiction in your = area to=20 inform them this type of scam may be occurring in their region. =

You=20 may also contact the RCMP's Phone Busters (The Canadian Anti-Fraud = Call=20 Centre) toll-free at 1-888-495-8501 to obtain more information about = consumer=20 fraud.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research=20 (CIHR)

September 17, 2008

Gene = discovered that may contribute to Alzheimer's

A new = CIHR-funded = study has=20 discovered a gene that is vital for protecting the brain during the = aging=20 process. A team of researchers at the Hospital for Sick Children found = that=20 reduced levels of the gene p73 might increase the risk of Alzheimer's = or=20 similar neurodegenerative disorders. Published in the September 2008 = issue of=20 Neuron, these findings could eventually lead to genetic tests = and the=20 development of drugs that could potentially halt or delay the = progression of=20 neurological diseases.

September 8, 2008

Dr. Miriam Stewart receives awards from = the=20 RSC and CNA

Dr. Miriam = Stewart,=20 former inaugural Scientific Director of CIHR's = Institute of=20 Gender Health (IGH)=20 has been recognized with awards from the Royal Society of Canada: = Academy of=20 Arts, Sciences and Humanities (RSC) and Canadian = Nurses=20 Association (CNA) for her research efforts in = nursing. As=20 one of 72 newly elected fellows, Dr. Stewart's induction into=20 RSC is the highest honour a scholar can = achieve in=20 the Arts, Humanities and Sciences. The=20 CNA presents Dr. Stewart with a Centennial = Award as one=20 of 100 exceptional registered nurses whose personal and professional=20 contributions have made an outstanding and significant impact on the = nursing=20 profession.

September 4, 2008

Obesity, = diabetes and cardiovascular disease: In search of the missing link -=20 International research project involving Pfizer Canada, the CIHR and = Universit=E9=20 Laval launched in Quebec City

Quebec City, Sept. 4 - Pfizer = Canada,=20 the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) = and=20 Universit=E9 Laval are today announcing the creation of an = international=20 research chair aimed at understanding and explaining insulin = resistance and=20 the risk of cardiovascular complications in diabetic obese patients. = Pfizer=20 Canada is injecting $1.05 million, and the CIHR = close to=20 $600,000, both over a 5-year period, into this innovative research = project=20 headed by Dr. Andr=E9 Marette. A first in Canada, the=20 Pfizer-CIHR Research Chair on the Pathogenesis of = Insulin=20 Resistance and Cardiovascular Disease is being set up in the = Cardiology Unit=20 of H=F4pital Laval, a Universit=E9 Laval-affiliated hospital, in = Quebec City. Photo

September 2, 2008

Federal Government = Announces=20 Implementation of Prestigious Research and Scholarship = Programs

The=20 Honourable Jim Prentice, Minister of Industry, today announced the = launch of=20 the Canada Excellence Research Chairs (CERC) Program = and the=20 Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship Program (Vanier CGS). These = two new=20 programs will position Canada as a global centre of excellence in = research and=20 education in support of Mobilizing Science and Technology to = Canada's=20 Advantage, the Government of Canada's 2007 Science and Technology = (S&T) Strategy. Both programs are a tri-agency initiative of the = Canadian=20 Institutes for Health Research (CIHR), = Social Science=20 and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)=20 and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC).
Minister of Industry = Accepts=20 S&T Strategy's Sub-priorities Recommended by the Science, = Technology and=20 Innovation Council

The Honourable Jim Prentice, Minister of Industry, today = accepted=20 recommendations made by the Science, Technology and Innovation Council = (STIC) on sub-priorities within the four research = priority=20 areas announced in Mobilizing Science and Technology to Canada's=20 Advantage, the Government of Canada's 2007 Science and Technology = (S&T) Strategy. The four research priorities, = in areas=20 where Canada can leverage research strengths to achieve a competitive=20 advantage, include health and related life sciences and technologies = and=20 environmental science and technologies.

August 27, 2008

Kraft Dinner = comfort not=20 always available to the poor

New CIHR-funded = study=20 shows that while Kraft Dinner may be considered a comfort food, = low-income=20 Canadians cannot always afford the basic ingredients like milk and = butter=20 needed to make it. Led by Dr. Melanie Rock from the Faculty of = Medicine at the=20 University of Calgary, the study suggests a need to monitor the = problem of=20 food insecurity. The results are published in the August = 27^th issue=20 of the international journal Agriculture and Human=20 Values.

August 26, 2008

Five = cents of=20 every dollar spent on cancer research

The Canadian Cancer = Research=20 Alliance (CCRA) estimates that 5 cents of every $1 spent by the = federal=20 government on all extramural science and technology R&D went to cancer = research in=20 2006. In that same year, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research = financed=20 cancer research for an amount of $121.8M.
Study = finds that blood=20 thinners may not be the best way to prevent blood clots in = women

A=20 CIHR-funded=20 study led by Dr. Marc Rodger, a Hematologist and Senior Scientist at = the=20 Ottawa Health Research Institute; has developed a rule that may allow = many=20 women who have suffered from blood clots to stop taking blood = thinners. The=20 study, published in the August 26, 2008 edition of the Canadian = Medical=20 Association Journal, is the largest international study to ever = examine=20 the risk factors for recurrent unexplained blood clots.

August 14, 2008

Dr. = Ruth=20 Collins-Nakai wins CMA 2008 Medal of=20 Service

Dr. Ruth Collins-Nakai, a retired pediatrician, = current=20 chief medical officer for Valens Pharma Ltd. and a founding member of=20 governing council for the Canadian Institutes of Health Research = (CIHR), will = receive=20 the Canadian Medical Association (CMA) = 2008 Medal=20 of Service. The award, which recognizes Dr. Collins-Nakai's = distinguished=20 record of service to the medical profession, her devotion to medical = and=20 research organizations, her dedication to the Canadian health care = system and=20 her commitment to the care of patients from around the world, will be=20 presented to her on August 20^th at the CMA's 141^st annual meeting in=20 Montreal.

August 13, 2008

Same = drug, different=20 results

A CIHR-funded = researcher, Dr. Rima Rozen, discovered that minor genetic differences = between=20 individuals change the effect of the common medication, Methotrexate=20 (Methotrexate is used to inhibit the metabolism of folate). This = suggests that=20 genetic testing would allow physicians to modify treatment for cancer = or=20 auto-immune diseases based on each patient's personal genetic makeup, = limiting=20 potential side effects. The study has been published in the June 18 = edition of=20 the journal Pharmacogenetics and Genomics.

August 8, 2008

Early=20 treatment key to combating Hep C virus

A CIHR-funded study, led by Drs. Naglaa Shoukry = and=20 Julie Bruneau from the Centre de Recherche du CHUM = in=20 Montreal, shows that early treatment with the antiviral drug = interferon=20 restores an effective immune response in patients infected with the = Hepatitis=20 C virus. This helps them eliminate the virus, preventing chronic = infection and=20 the progression of liver disease. These findings were published online = and are=20 scheduled for publication in the October issue of the Journal of=20 Virology.

August 6, 2008

Mini= ster of=20 Health names Michael Sabia chair of Canadian HIV Vaccine = Initiative=20 Implementation Advisory Board

Canada's Minister of Health, the Honourable Tony Clement, named = Michael=20 Sabia, former CEO = of Bell=20 Canada Enterprises, as the chair for the new Canadian = HIV=20 Vaccine Initiative (CHVI) Implementation Advisory = Board at=20 the XVII International AIDS Conference in Mexico City. The purpose of = the=20 CHVI is to make a significant contribution to the = Global=20 HIV Vaccine Enterprise, whose mission is to = accelerate the=20 global development of preventative HIV = vaccines.

For more information on the conference visit: Government = of=20 Canada at AIDS 2008.

August 1, 2008

Question & = Answer: HIV/AIDS, What's = Next?

Dr. Bhagirath Singh is the Scientific Director of the Canadian = Institutes=20 of Health Research Institute of Infection and Immunity. He is also a = professor=20 of microbiology and immunology at the University of Western Ontario's = Schulich=20 School of Medicine and Dentistry in London, Ontario. In the following = Q&A=20 he shares his thoughts on the need to recommit to the crusade to find = a=20 vaccine, despite the failures experienced so far.

July 29, 2008

Pandemic=20 research receives $1.6M funding boost

Densely populated = cities and=20 increased air travel can be factors which create and spread pandemic = disease.=20 But a McMaster University researcher is working with isolated = Hutterite=20 communities to understand the transmission of pandemic diseases like=20 influenza. Dr. Mark Loeb and his research team have received $1.6 = million in=20 funding to carry out the research from the Rx&D Health Research=20 Foundation, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the = Canadian Food=20 Inspection Agency.

July 18, 2008

Sexual=20 health among adolescents is changing for the better

Results = of a=20 CIHR-funded=20 study published in the Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality = revealed=20 that contrary to popular assumptions when it comes to sexual health,=20 adolescents are acting more responsibly than before. Lead by Dr. = Elizabeth=20 Saewyc at the University of British Columbia, the study used = province-wide=20 surveys from 1992, 1998, and 2003, to compare and document trends in = sexual=20 health and risk behaviours among BC adolescents.

July 15, 2008

CIHR-funded = researcher awarded a $1.7 million grant to fight=20 bioterrorism

Donald Woods, a CIHR-funded = researcher at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, has been = awarded=20 $1.7 million for research into vaccines against agents of = bioterrorism. The=20 grant, presented to Dr. Woods by the National Institute of Allergy and = Infectious Diseases, part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, = will be=20 put towards Dr. Woods' current research- studying and testing vaccine=20 preparations for the prevention of widespread bacterial diseases, some = which=20 are considered to be emerging infectious diseases worldwide, and have = a high=20 death rate.
CIHR funds = the=20 world's largest cardiac surgery clinical trial=20
A CIHR-funded study, led by Drs. Andre Lamy and = Salim=20 Yusuf and a team of researchers at McMaster University, will = investigate the=20 differences in outcomes of using on-pump versus off-pump techniques = during=20 open-heart surgery, to document and compare the short- and long-term = benefits=20 of each. The trial will take place in 100 surgical centres across = 16=20 countries, will span over 7.5 years and include 4,700 = patients. The=20 results of this study will help determine which = technique is=20 best suited to individual patients and help develop best practices in = patient=20 care.

July 4, 2008

Data Users = Conference=20 2008: Linking the Health Information Chain=20
Hosted by the Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI) and Statistics Canada, this year's = conference, which=20 takes place September 21-23, focuses on the linkages = between=20 the use of data for analysis in health services research and the use = of data=20 for planning and decision making. Building off this theme, this year's = program=20 will be comprised of two tracks, each reflecting a different set of = data use=20 activities: Track 1 - Innovation in Data=20 Analysis and Track 2 - Applying Data = in=20 Planning and Decision-making.

July 3, 2008

CIH= R-funded=20 study identifies when - and how - good stem cells turn bad=20
Results from a CIHR-funded = study=20 conducted at the BC = Cancer Agency=20 may have found new ways to identify and shut down stem cells that = produce=20 breast tumours. Lead author, Dr. Afshin Raouf, says that these = findings will=20 help determine what turns a normal breast stem cell into a cancerous = one.=20 These findings could ultimately help to find ways to stop a tumour = from=20 growing or returning. The findings were published in the July 3 issue = of the=20 journal Cell Stem Cell.
Su= gar used=20 to treat pain in newborns=20
A CIHR-funded = study has=20 established that common table sugar can be effectively used as a = treatment to=20 manage pain in newborns undergoing painful medical procedures. The = results of=20 the study, published in the July 1 issue of the Canadian Medical=20 Association Journal, demonstrated a decrease in the level of pain = experienced by newborns when they were given a sugar solution prior to = all=20 painful medical procedures.

June 26, 2008

Minister=20 Clement Reappoints a Member to the Canadian Institutes of Health = Research=20 Governing Council
The Honourable Tony Clement, Minister of Health, announces the=20 reappointment of Dr. Harvey Max Chochinov to the Canadian Institutes = of Health=20 Research (CIHR) Governing Council for a three-year=20 term.

June 25, 2008

How=20 to Protect Older Adults Physical Health=20
A new CIHR-funded = study=20 shows that the more elderly people face their physical challenges = head-on, the=20 better the long-term outcome. Those who did not face their challenges=20 developed approximately one additional chronic health problem and one=20 additional functional limitation two years later. In contrast, no = physical=20 health declines were observed among older adults who were actively = engaged in=20 overcoming their health challenges. This study, conducted by Carsten = Wrosch=20 from Concordia University, is appearing in the June issue of = Psychological=20 Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological = Science.

June 25, 2008

CIHR=20 in the latest issue of Healthcare Quarterly=20
The latest issue of Healthcare Quarterly highlights the = five=20 exceptional graduate students who were recognized by CIHR for = their work=20 in the field of health services and policy research. The five, all = honoured=20 with the inaugural 2008 Heart failure = patients to=20 receive simpler, more effective treatment=20
A major international clinical trial funded by CIHR, and = coordinated=20 by the Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), = has found a=20 simpler approach to treating a cardiac rhythm disorder in heart = failure=20 patients. The results of the study, directed by Dr. Denis Roy along = with Dr.=20 Mario Talajic, both cardiologists at MHI, and a=20 team of Canadian researchers and international experts, were published = in the=20 June 18 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Gene=20 discovery may help cure victims of rare nerve disease=20

Dr. Guy A. Rouleau, a CIHR-funded = researcher from Universit=E9 de Montr=E9al, and his team, have = identified a gene=20 found in the nervous system, critical to the sensation of pain. This = major=20 discovery establishes a link with the role of proteins that are = involved in=20 the perception of pain. The discovery will help improve our = understanding of=20 hereditary neuropathy type II, a severe disorder that starts early = during=20 childhood, characterized by a loss of perception to pain, touch and = heat. The=20 findings were recently published in the Journal of Clinical=20 Investigation.

June 23, 2008

Healthy Aging? Not = Just the=20 Stuff of Dreams=20

While Canadians struggle to go green, one thing's certain: as a = society=20 we're going grey. In fact, we're on the cusp of a historical first in=20 Canada - in two decades almost a quarter of us will be "old." In = an=20 opinion piece Dr. Anne-Martin Matthews, Scientific Director of the = Canadian=20 Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Aging, discusses how = health=20 research is creating the opportunity for healthy aging.

June 19, 2008

A=20 CIHR-funded=20 researcher, first Canadian scientist to win $470,000 Kyoto Prize: = Mount=20 Sinai's Dr. Tony Pawson wins Japan's Nobel Prize for lifetime=20 achievement

Dr. Tony Pawson, a distinguished scientist at = Mount=20 Sinai Hospital's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute in Toronto and a=20 CIHR distinguished investigator, is one of two = Canadians=20 awarded the prestigious Kyoto Prize, Japan's equivalent of the Nobel = Prize.=20 Dr. Pawson was cited for his groundbreaking work on how human cells=20 communicate with another. His work has improved our understanding of = many=20 diseases, including cancer, diabetes and immune disorders. The Kyoto = Prize is=20 the latest in a long list of honours that Dr. Pawson has received for = his=20 work, including CIHR's Michael Smith Prize and the = Gairdner=20 International Research Award. The other Canadian winner was Dr. = Charles=20 Taylor, a professor emeritus of philosophy at McGill University. The = Kyoto=20 Prizes are administered by the Inamori Foundation established in 1984 = by=20 Japanese businessman Kazuo Inamori.

June 9, 2008

Hypoth= ermia=20 therapy might not treat traumatic brain injury patients

Dr. Jamie Hutchison, a CIHR-funded = researcher and a team of researchers have discovered that the common = practice=20 of cooling paediatric patients after traumatic brain injury does not = improve=20 the neurological outcome of patients and may actually increase = mortality. The=20 results are published in the June issue of The New England Journal = of=20 Medicine.
Finding = clues for=20 nerve cell repair

A new CIHR-funded = study=20 found a key mechanism involved in normal development of motor nerve = cells=20 (motor neurons) - cells that control muscles. This finding is crucial = to=20 understanding and treating a range of conditions involving nerve cell = loss or=20 damage. The study conducted by Dr. Stefano Stifani, neuroscientist at = the=20 Montreal Neurological Institute, was published in the Proceedings of = the=20 National Academy of Sciences.

May 29, 2008

Boys=20 as likely as girls to be exploited

A CIHR-funded = study=20 shows that among British Columbia youth who were street-involved or in = custody, more than one in three have been sexually exploited. Contrary = to=20 popular stereotypes, the results demonstrate that males were just as = likely to=20 be sexually exploited as females. This study was led by Dr. Elizabeth = Saewyc,=20 associate professor in the School of Nursing at the University of = British=20 Columbia.

May 27, 2008

Stem=20 Cells That Can Divide Indefinitely and Stay Undifferentiated

A CIHR-funded = study=20 discovered a new mechanism to allow embryonic stem cells to divide=20 indefinitely and remain undifferentiated. This discovery may also be = important=20 in understanding how to control tumour cell growth. The results of the = study=20 conducted by Qi-Long Ying, Ph.D.=20 from the University of Southern California are published in the May 22 = issue=20 of the journal Nature.

May 26, 2008

CIHR-funded=20 researcher named 2008 University of Saskatchewan Distinguished=20 Researcher

Wei Xiao, a University of Saskatchewan (U of S) CIHR-funded = researcher has been named the 2008 U of S Distinguished Researcher for = his=20 breakthrough in cancer research that could lead to better cancer = diagnosis=20 through targeting defective genes. Dr. Xiao has found a way to trigger = a=20 protein combination called 9-1-1 that sends an SOS=20 signal for cells to fight cancer-causing agents such as industrial = toxins,=20 ultraviolet radiation, and X-rays. The results of his study were = recently=20 published in Cell.
Trial of the Year Award goes to = CIHR-funded=20 researcher

Dr. Barbara Schmidt, a CIHR-funded = researcher from McMaster University was honoured last week as the = recipient of=20 the first annual "SCT/ImpACT Trial of = the Year"=20 award for her study on caffeine treatment for premature infants that = was=20 published in NEJM last = year. This=20 prestigious award was given to Dr. Schmidt on behalf of the Society = for=20 Clinical Trials and Project ImpACT. The award was announced on = International=20 Clinical Trials Day on May 20th, at the Society's annual = meeting.

May 20, 2008

Drug = used to=20 prevent blood loss increases risk of death

A CIHR-funded = study=20 found that Aprotinin, a drug routinely used to prevent blood loss = during heart=20 surgery, is associated with a 50% increase in the relative risk of = death. The=20 Blood Conservation using Antifibrinolytics in a Randomized Trial study = or=20 BART was conducted by Dr. Dean A. Fergusson and Dr. = Paul C.=20 H=E9bert and was published in the May 14 edition of the New = England Journal=20 of Medicine.

May 14, 2008

Beta-blockers = increase=20 the risk of death and stroke

A new CIHR-funded = study=20 demonstrates that a beta-blocker given around the time of surgery = decreases a patient's risk of a heart attack but increases their risk = of major=20 stroke and death. The results of a study led by Dr. P.J. Devereaux at = McMaster=20 University and Dr. Homer Yang at the University of Ottawa are = published in the=20 May 12 edition of The Lancet.

May 13, 2008

Multinational=20 research initiative for autism

CIHR's=20 Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction is = collaborating with=20 South and Central America on a multinational initiative on autism. = This=20 partnership will help leverage expertise and resources to better = coordinate=20 research on autism with a common goal of improving diagnosis and = treatment=20 across the Americas.

May 7, 2008

Child abuse may lead = to change=20 in brains of suicide victims

A team of McGill University scientists funded by CIHR has=20 discovered that child abuse might change genes in = the=20 brains of suicide victims. The study compared the brains of suicide = victims=20 and so-called normal brains. The results showed differences in their = genes.=20 All suicide victims in the study had experienced abuse as=20 children.

May 5, 2008

Gairdner = Foundation=20 reception on Parliament Hill celebrates health research
CIHR-funded = researcher elected to National Academy of Sciences

Dr. Janet Rossant, CIHR-funded chief of research = and=20 senior scientist at Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children, has been = elected as=20 a Canadian foreign associate member with the National Acacemy of = Sciences in=20 the United States. Established in 1863, thanks to legislation signed = by=20 Abraham Lincoln, the Academy is an organization of scientists and = engineers=20 that acts as an official adviser to the American government on issues = related=20 to science/technology.

April 30, 2008

Two = CIHR-funded = researchers win Killam awards

Dr. Peter St = George-Hyslop and Dr. Michael Sefton, CIHR-funded=20 researchers based at the University of Toronto, have each = won 2008=20 Killam Prizes. Founded in 1981, a total of five of these annual = awards,=20 valued at $100,000 respectively and named in memory of = Izaak=20 Walton Killam, honour outstanding career achievements in engineering, = natural=20 sciences, humanities, social sciences and health = sciences.

April 29, 2008

CIHR = celebrates the=20 election of two new Canadians to the American Academy of Arts &=20 Sciences

On April 28, Dr. John H. Dirks, President of the Gairdner = Foundation and=20 Professor Medicine Emeritus at the University of Toronto (U of T), and = Dr.=20 Ernest Weinrib, Cecil A. Wright Chair with the Faculty of Law at U of = T, were=20 both elected as Canadian Foreign Honorary Members of the American = Academy of=20 Arts & Sciences, one of the oldest and most prestigious honorary = societies=20 and independent policy research centers in the United States (US). On an annual basis, the = Academy, which=20 was founded in 1780 by John Adams, James Bowdoin, John Hancock and = other=20 US patriots, elects Fellows and Foreign Honorary = Members=20 who are leaders in various fields (from science to politics to arts = and=20 humanities) in a concerted effort to conduct interdisciplinary, = long-term=20 research that leads to practical policy solutions to issues of the=20 day.

April 21, 2008

A review of = depression research

Dr. Scott B. Patten from the University = of=20 Calgary completed a review of research on depression. The review = examined many=20 studies and gathered results on the effects of clinical depression, = its causes=20 and how it is treated in Canada. The studies used in the review were = retrieved=20 from Canada's Research Data Centre (RDC) Network, funded by = CIHR.

April 15, 2008

Thre= e=20 Canadians are among the prestigious Gairdner Awards winners

The Gairdner Foundation has awarded the 2008 Gairdner Awards for = medical=20 research to three CIHR-funded = researchers. Among the awardees are Dr. Nahum Sonenberg whose work discovered = the=20 important mechanisms that control the synthesis of proteins in human = cells, Dr. Samuel Weiss whose work discovered = that the=20 adult brain produces stem cells than can be used to re-grow damaged = neural=20 tissue and Dr. Alan Bernstein who has made an = outstanding=20 contribution to Canadian health research as a scientist, a research = institute=20 director and as the inaugural President of the Canadian Institutes of = Health=20 Research. The Gairdner awards are meant to recognize outstanding = contributions=20 by medical scientists worldwide whose work has significantly improve = the=20 quality of life.

April 14, 2008

Disc= overy of=20 gut-brain-liver circuit may lead to new diabetes drugs

Researchers at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute have = discovered a new signalling pathway between the gut, the brain and the = liver=20 which lowers blood sugar when activated. The = CIHR-funded=20 study, led by Dr. Tony Lam, may lead = to the=20 development of drugs that will lower glucose or blood sugar levels in = people=20 who suffer from obesity or diabetes. The study was published in the = April 9,=20 2008 issue of Nature.
Study=20 shows a link between premature babies and autism

A preliminary study led by Dr. = Catherine=20 Limperopoulos showed that one-quarter of babies born very prematurely = had=20 signs of autism on an early screening test. The = CIHR-funded=20 preliminary study suggests that extreme prematurity may be a = contributing=20 factor for autism. The study also underscores the need for early = autism=20 screening for youngsters born prematurely. The study was published in = the=20 April issue of the journal Pediatrics.

April 8, 2008

Antidepressant=20 warning may have contributed to a rise in youth suicides

A new study shows that there was a twenty percent increase in youth = suicides after a warning was issued to doctors about prescribing=20 antidepressants to youth. The CIHR-funded study, = led by=20 Dr. Laurence Katz from the = University of=20 Manitoba, suggests that health warnings may have unintended = consequences. The=20 study was published in the April 8, 2008 issue of the Canadian Medical = Association Journal.

April 2, 2008

Researchers= =20 identify a gene responsible for Lou Gehrig's disease (French = only)

A team of Canadian and French researchers has identified a gene = responsible=20 for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).=20 ALS is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig's = disease, an=20 incurable neuromuscular disorder that leads to paralysis and death = within one=20 to five years. The study was partly funded by=20 CIHR.

April 1, 2008

Women risking = their lives=20 at work

In an opinion article published in Le Devoir on March 8, = 2008,=20 Dr. Joy Johnson outlines the = significant risks=20 faced by many women in their workplace. Dr. Johnson = is the=20 Scientific Director of the Institute of Gender and Health at=20 CIHR.

March 19, 2008

CIHR = workshop for=20 journalists explains why fighting obesity is not simply a question of = diet and=20 exercise

The complexity of Canada's obesity epidemic feeds both public = interest in=20 media articles on obesity and challenges the journalists who write = about the=20 subject. With that in mind, Dr. Finegood, Scientific Director of=20 CIHR's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and = Diabetes,=20 welcomed more than a dozen journalists to a workshop entitled "To = be or=20 not to be? Is obesity really a question of choice?" =

March 17, 2008

A = deficiency in=20 Omega-3 fatty acids may contribute to poor infant development

A study led by Dr. Sheila Innis from the Child=20 & Family Research Institute in British Columbia shows that = pregnant=20 women who do not consume enough Omega-3 fatty acids may pose a risk to = the=20 neurological development of the infant. The = CIHR-funded=20 study suggests that women can obtain Omega-3 fatty acids through = supplements=20 or foods such as fish. The study was published in the March = 7^th,=20 2008 edition of the American Journal of Clinical=20 Nutrition.

March 14, 2008

Cana= dian=20 long-term-care workers suffer violence on the job

A CIHR-funded study from York University found = that=20 long-term-care workers in Canada are seven times more likely to = experience=20 daily violence from patients than workers in Nordic countries. The = study found=20 that Canada's staffing pressures result in poor relationships between = patients=20 and workers and an increase in violence.

March 13, 2008

Women are = less=20 likely to be referred for knee surgery than men

Canadian doctors were two times more likely to recommend knee = replacement=20 surgery to male patients than to female patients. The results of the=20 CIHR-funded study show that doctors may = unconsciously=20 discriminate female patients. The study was published in the March 11, = 2008=20 edition of the Canadian Medical Association = Journal.

March 10, 2008

Head = injuries=20 result in brain tissue loss one year=20 later

CIHR-funded researchers affiliated = with=20 the University of Toronto have found that there is a direct = correlation=20 between the severity of a traumatic brain injury and the loss of = volume in=20 brain tissue. The study was published in the March 4, 2008 issue of=20 Neurology.

March 6, 2008

Major=20 discovery in HIV=20 research

Stephen Barr, a CHIR-funded researcher at the = University=20 of Alberta, has recently identified a gene that blocks the late-stage = AIDS=20 virus from multiplying or spreading. This major discovery represents a = significant advancement in the fight against HIV = and AIDS.=20 The study was published in the Public Library of Science=20 Pathogens.

March 4, 2008

Gene = discovery may lead=20 to cure for hereditary heart problem

CIHR-funded researchers at Memorial University = have=20 discovered a gene that is responsible for a genetic heart condition = highly=20 prevalent in Newfoundland and Labrador. Those afflicted with the fatal = condition rarely have symptoms. As a result of this discovery, = life-saving=20 interventions have already been taken by doctors. The study was = published in=20 the February 28th online edition of the American Journal of Human=20 Genetics.

February 26, 2008

Dr.=20 Reading Receives National Aboriginal Achievement Award

The Canadian Institutes of Health Research = (CIHR)=20 congratulates Dr. Jeff Reading, Mohawk Tyendinaga,=20 Scientific Director of CIHR's Institute of = Aboriginal=20 Peoples' Health, for receiving a 2008 National Aboriginal Achievement=20 Award.

February 22, 2008

Dr. Pierre Chartrand, Acting President of=20 CIHR, and Dr. Colleen Flood, = Scientific=20 Director of the CIHR Institute of Health Services = and=20 Policy Research, contributed opinion pieces to The Hill Times = Health=20 Policy Briefing published on January 21, 2008.
- Partnering = our Way to=20 Effective Health Research - Dr. Pierre = Chartrand
  
  Partnerships give life to health research - they stimulate new = ways of=20 thinking, connect policymakers with researchers and make the most = out of=20 scarce resources. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research=20 (CIHR) places tremendous value on partnerships, = says=20 Dr. Pierre Chartrand, Acting President of=20 CIHR.
- Canadian = Medicare:=20 Careful Comparison Required - Dr. Colleen = Flood
  
  The Canadian health-care system has been the source of concern = and=20 rigorous debate over the last decade. Some recent international = surveys=20 suggest that Canada might need to fundamentally rethink its = health-care=20 system, says Dr. Colleen Flood, Scientific = Director of=20 the CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy=20 Research.
Ingredie= nts in=20 yellow curry can reduce heart enlargement and may prevent heart=20 failure

February 13, 2008

C= anadian=20 stroke expert wins American Stroke Associations highest honour

Dr. Antoine Hakim received the coveted Thomas = Willis=20 Award, the American Stroke Association's highest honour, for his = outstanding=20 leadership in stroke research. He was also named Officer of the Order = of=20 Canada for his significant contribution to the field of stroke.=20 Dr. Hakim is the Scientific Director of the = Canadian Stroke=20 Network, a health base Networks of Centres of Excellence that receives = funds=20 from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research through Fellowships in = Stroke.

February 11, 2008

Message=20 from Dr. Jeff Reading about IAPH's=20 Transition

February 7, 2008

Message=20 from Dr. Diane Finegood about INMD's=20 Transition

February 6, 2008

Extension of Term for = Acting=20 President and Appointments to Governing Council

January 31, 2008

New = therapeutic target for treatment of multiple sclerosis

An international research team, led by a = CIHR-funded=20 scientist, has identified new therapeutic targets for the treatment of = multiple sclerosis (MS). In the February 2008 issue = of=20 Nature Immunology, the team provides fresh answers concerning the role = of=20 cells in the causes of MS.

January 31, 2008

Scientists=20 Identify New Genes that Help Plants Resist Stress

Results of a study by a team of scientists from the University of=20 Saskatchewan could lead to agricultural and forestry crops that are = more=20 tolerant to environmental stresses such as ultra-violet light. The=20 CIHR-funded research could also have long-term = application=20 for human and animal medicine in fighting cancer and infections. The = study was=20 published in the January edition of The Plant Cell.

January 30, 2008

Does=20 Canadian research investment relate to cancer burden?

Dr. Phil Branton, Scientific Director of the=20 CIHR Institute of Cancer Research, has published an = article=20 in the February 2008 edition of one of the world's leading scientific=20 journals, The Lancet. Dr. Branton's = article=20 questions the relationship between levels of funding devoted to = research on=20 certain types of cancers compared with the prevalence of these cancers = in=20 society. Research investments in 2005 for 24 cancer types were = reviewed=20 against new cancer cases and deaths in 2003. Dr. = Branton=20 concludes that the incidence of cancers should be an important = consideration=20 when planning cancer research programs, particularly in the cases of = lung and=20 colorectal cancer.

January 28, 2008

Study = supports=20 low glycemic index foods for people with diabetes

A new CIHR-funded study on the effect of diet in = diabetes found that people with a low glycemic index diet had a = reduction in=20 the C-reactive protein. The C-reactive protein is an important = indicator of=20 the risk of cardiovascular disease. This large dietary clinical trial, = led by=20 Dr. Thomas Wolever, compared the = effects of=20 altering the intake of carbohydrates in 164 people with diabetes for = one year.=20 The study was published in the January 7, 2008 edition of The = American=20 Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

January 22, 2008

= Study=20 finds frequent structural changes of chromosomes in = autism

In=20 addition to having potential clinical diagnostic importance, results = from a=20 new CIHR-funded study might further unlock the = biological=20 mysteries of autism. The Canadian team led by scientists at The = Hospital for=20 Sick Children published their results in the American Journal of = Human=20 Genetics.

January 16, 2008

Warning Against = Fraudulent=20 Conference Invitation

Please be advised that fraudulent = invitations=20 to a conference are being circulated on the Internet. The event in = question is=20 entitled: "2008 Conf=E9rence annuelle de la Fondation pour La = Coop=E9ration et Du=20 D=E9veloppement" [sic]. The invitation implies that the Canadian = Public Health=20 Association, the Public Health Agency of Canada, Canadian Institutes = of Health=20 Research, Canadian Institute for Health Information, GeoConnections = and the=20 Ontario Public Health Association are partners and that = GlaxoSmithKline is a=20 sponsor. Most of the information contained in the invitation was = copied=20 directly from the 2007 Canadian Public Health Association=20 (CPHA) Annual Conference website.

Please be = advised=20 that this invitation is fraudulent and the organizations named have no = affiliation with the purported event. CPHA does not = ask=20 that money to register for conferences be sent via Western Union=20 transfer.

January 9, 2008

The Canadian Medical Hall of = Fame Call=20 For Nominations

The Canadian Medical Hall of Fame has begun = the=20 nomination process for their next induction ceremony. Individuals can = nominate=20 any Canadian citizen who has made a meritorious contribution or has = achieved a=20 lifetime of outstanding accomplishments in medicine and the health = sciences.=20 The deadline to submit a nomination is June 16, 2008. The Canadian = Medical=20 Hall of Fame holds an induction ceremony every 18 months. The next = ceremony=20 will be held in Montreal, Quebec in April 2009. For more information = on the=20 nomination process, go to The = Canadian=20 Medical Hall of Fame website or call 519-488-2003.

January 7, 2008

Study links=20 folic acid supplementation with reducing risk of = preeclampsia

A new=20 CIHR-funded study suggests an association between = folic=20 acid dose and risk of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, characterized by = high=20 maternal blood pressure and urine protein is a leading cause of = maternal and=20 infant illness and death worldwide. A team of researchers followed=20 approximately 3,000 pregnant women and found that preeclampsia = occurred in 2.2=20 per cent of women who took multivitamins containing folic acid = compared to 5.1=20 per cent of women who did not. The study=20 is featured in the January 2008 edition of the American Journal of = Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Modified: 2008-09-19
Imprimer=20

Top of=20 Page

Important=20 Notices

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#clfFooter { PADDING-TOP: 6px } #clfHeader { WIDTH: 600px } #clfLeft { MARGIN-TOP: 7px; FLOAT: left; WIDTH: 132px } #clfNavigation { MARGIN-LEFT: 150px; WIDTH: 450px } #clfPage { WIDTH: 600px } #clfRight { FLOAT: right; WIDTH: 450px } #content { MARGIN-TOP: 14px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 14px; LINE-HEIGHT: 14px } #content P { FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } TD { FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } #content P.searchMetaData { FONT-SIZE: 0.7em } #disclaimer { FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; FLOAT: left; WIDTH: 33%; TEXT-ALIGN: right } #fipSignature_e { MARGIN-BOTTOM: 14px; WIDTH: 600px; HEIGHT: 20px } #fipSignature_f { MARGIN-BOTTOM: 14px; WIDTH: 600px; HEIGHT: 20px } #infoBoxes { FLOAT: right; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; WIDTH: 132px } #pageTitle H1 { MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 0px; COLOR: #003399; FONT-FAMILY: impact, tahoma, arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } #pageTitle H1 ACRONYM { FONT-SIZE: 1.1em } #pageTitle H1.institute { MARGIN-TOP: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 5px; COLOR: #006600; FONT-FAMILY: impact, tahoma, arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } #pageTitle H1.stihr { MARGIN-TOP: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 5px; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: impact, tahoma, arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } #pageTitle H1.cri { MARGIN-TOP: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 5px; COLOR: #003e52; FONT-FAMILY: impact, tahoma, arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } #pageTitle H1.rmni { MARGIN-TOP: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 5px; COLOR: teal; FONT-FAMILY: impact, tahoma, arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } #pageTitle H1.ghr { MARGIN-TOP: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 5px; COLOR: #663366; FONT-FAMILY: impact, tahoma, arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } #pageTitle P { FONT-SIZE: 1em; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: verdana, = arial, helvetica, sans-serif } #searchBox { PADDING-TOP: 5px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #003399 1px solid } #searchBox FORM { MARGIN: 0px } #searchBox STRONG { FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; MARGIN: 0px; COLOR: #003399; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif } #searchGo { BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 1px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 1px; = FONT-SIZE: 1.2em; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: black; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 1px; = BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: black; WIDTH: 18px; COLOR: black; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: = black; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; HEIGHT: 22px; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: silver; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 1px; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: = black } #searchTable { BORDER-RIGHT: #003399 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #003399 1px solid; = BORDER-BOTTOM: #003399 1px solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: white } #q { WIDTH: 95px } #theNews H2 { FONT-SIZE: 0.8em; FONT-FAMILY: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = LETTER-SPACING: 0.2em } #theNews H3 { COLOR: #003399 } #theNews P { MARGIN-TOP: 0px } #toTop { FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; FLOAT: left; WIDTH: 33%; TEXT-ALIGN: center } #top { FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; FLOAT: right; BORDER-BOTTOM: #003399 1px solid } #update { FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; FLOAT: left; WIDTH: 33%; TEXT-ALIGN: left } .alignC { TEXT-ALIGN: center } .calloutBox { MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5px; PADDING-BOTTOM: = 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: silver 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: = normal; BORDER-BOTTOM: silver 1px solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif } .calloutBox STRONG { FONT-SIZE: 1.1em; MARGIN: 0px; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif } .calloutBox TD { VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle } .calloutTitle { BORDER-TOP: silver 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #ececec } .cihrNavButton { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 82px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 1px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #003399 } .ghriNavButton { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 82px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 1px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #666633 } .ghrNavButton { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 82px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 1px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #663366 } .currency { WHITE-SPACE: nowrap } .new { BACKGROUND-COLOR: #dfdfdf } .fullClear { CLEAR: both } .gagToc { PADDING-RIGHT: 2px; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; FONT-SIZE: 0.7em; FLOAT: right; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; MARGIN: 2px; PADDING-TOP: 2px } .gocNavButton { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 82px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 1px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: black } .indent { PADDING-LEFT: 50px } .insNavButton { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 82px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 1px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #006600 } .invisible { DISPLAY: none } .ns4-clear { DISPLAY: none } .youAreHere { CLEAR: both; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; BORDER-TOP: silver 1px solid; = MARGIN-TOP: 1px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: = 5px; PADDING-TOP: 3px; BORDER-BOTTOM: silver 1px solid; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: white } TD.leftnavm1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; = COLOR: white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white = 1px solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #003399 } TD.leftnavm1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #003399 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #003399 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: = #003399 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavm2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #003399 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003399 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavm2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #003399 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003399 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavm3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #003399 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.83em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003399 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavm3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #003399 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 0.83em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; = VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #003399 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavm1c { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavm1c:visited { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavm1c:hover { COLOR: yellow; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm1o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm1o:visited { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm1o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm2c { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavm2c:visited { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavm2c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm2o:visited { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm2o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm3c { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavm3c:visited { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavm3c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm3o:visited { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavm3o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } TD.leftnavi1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #006600 } TD.leftnavi1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #006600 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #006600 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #006600 = 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavi2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #006600 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #006600 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavi2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #006600 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #006600 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavi3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #006600 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #006600 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavi3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #006600 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #006600 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavi1c { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavi1c:visited { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavi1c:hover { COLOR: yellow; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi1o { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi1o:visited { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi1o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi2c { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavi2c:visited { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavi2c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi2o:visited { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi2o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi3c { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavi3c:visited { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavi3c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi3o:visited { COLOR: #006600; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavi3o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } TD.leftnavs1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = maroon } TD.leftnavs1o { BORDER-RIGHT: maroon 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: maroon = 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: maroon 1px = solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: = arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavs2c { BORDER-RIGHT: maroon 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 15px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: maroon 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavs2o { BORDER-RIGHT: maroon 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 15px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: maroon 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavs3c { BORDER-RIGHT: maroon 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 25px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: maroon 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavs3o { BORDER-RIGHT: maroon 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 25px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: maroon 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavs1c { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavs1c:visited { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavs1c:hover { COLOR: yellow; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs1o { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs1o:visited { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs1o:hover { COLOR: red; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs2c { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavs2c:visited { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavs2c:hover { COLOR: red; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs2o:visited { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs2o:hover { COLOR: red; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs3c { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavs3c:visited { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavs3c:hover { COLOR: red; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs3o:visited { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavs3o:hover { COLOR: red; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } TD.leftnavr1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: teal } TD.leftnavr1o { BORDER-RIGHT: teal 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: teal 1px = solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: teal 1px = solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: = arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavr2c { BORDER-RIGHT: teal 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 15px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: teal 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavr2o { BORDER-RIGHT: teal 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 15px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: teal 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavr3c { BORDER-RIGHT: teal 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 25px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: teal 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavr3o { BORDER-RIGHT: teal 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 25px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: teal 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavr1c { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavr1c:visited { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavr1c:hover { COLOR: yellow; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr1o { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr1o:visited { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr1o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr2c { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavr2c:visited { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavr2c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr2o:visited { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr2o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr3c { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavr3c:visited { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavr3c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr3o:visited { COLOR: teal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavr3o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } TD.leftnavc1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #003e52 } TD.leftnavc1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #003e52 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #003e52 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #003e52 = 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavc2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #003e52 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003e52 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavc2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #003e52 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003e52 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavc3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #003e52 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003e52 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavc3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #003e52 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #003e52 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavc1c { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavc1c:visited { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavc1c:hover { COLOR: yellow; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc1o { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc1o:visited { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc1o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc2c { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavc2c:visited { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavc2c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc2o:visited { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc2o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc3c { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavc3c:visited { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavc3c:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc3o:visited { COLOR: #003e52; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } A.leftnavc3o:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } TD.leftnavh1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #663366 } TD.leftnavh1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #663366 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #663366 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #663366 = 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavh2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #663366 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #663366 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavh2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #663366 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #663366 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavh3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #663366 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #663366 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavh3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #663366 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #663366 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; = PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavh1c { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh1c:visited { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh1c:hover { COLOR: #cc99cc; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh1o { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh1o:visited { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh1o:hover { COLOR: #cc99cc; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh2c { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh2c:visited { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh2c:hover { COLOR: #cc99cc; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh2o:visited { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh2o:hover { COLOR: #cc99cc; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh3c { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh3c:visited { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh3c:hover { COLOR: #cc99cc; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh3o:visited { COLOR: #663366; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavh3o:hover { COLOR: #cc99cc; TEXT-DECORATION: none } TD.leftnavx1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = #666666; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #cccccc } TD.leftnavx1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #999999 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #999999 = 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: = 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #ececec } TD.leftnavx2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavx2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavx3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } TD.leftnavx3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } A.leftnavx1c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx1c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx1c:hover { COLOR: #ff6600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx1o { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx1o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx1o:hover { COLOR: #ff6600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx2c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx2c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx2c:hover { COLOR: #ff6600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx2o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx2o:hover { COLOR: #ff6600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx3c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx3c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx3c:hover { COLOR: #ff6600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx3o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavx3o:hover { COLOR: #ff6600; TEXT-DECORATION: none } TD.leftnavy1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = #666666; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #cccccc } TD.leftnavy1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #ff9933 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #999999 = 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: = 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #ff9933 } TD.leftnavy2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ff9933 } TD.leftnavy2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ff9933 } TD.leftnavy3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ff9933 } TD.leftnavy3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ff9933 } A.leftnavy1c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy1c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy1c:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy1o { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy1o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy1o:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy2c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy2c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy2c:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy2o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy2o:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy3c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy3c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy3c:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy3o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavy3o:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } TD.leftnavz1c { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: = #666666; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: white 1px = solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #cccccc } TD.leftnavz1o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #99cc66 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-LEFT: #999999 = 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: = 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: = #99cc66 } TD.leftnavz2c { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #99cc66 } TD.leftnavz2o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 15px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: white; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #99cc66 } TD.leftnavz3c { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: #666666; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #99cc66 } TD.leftnavz3o { BORDER-RIGHT: #999999 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; = BORDER-LEFT: #999999 1px solid; WIDTH: 128px; COLOR: white; = MARGIN-RIGHT: 1px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, = sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #99cc66 } A.leftnavz1c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz1c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz1c:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz1o { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz1o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz1o:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz2c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz2c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz2c:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz2o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz2o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz2o:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz3c { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz3c:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz3c:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz3o { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz3o:visited { COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.leftnavz3o:hover { COLOR: white; TEXT-DECORATION: none } .fundBox { BORDER-RIGHT: #efefef 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: = #efefef 1px solid; MARGIN-TOP: 2px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 2px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 3px; BORDER-LEFT: #efefef 1px solid; = LINE-HEIGHT: 1.3em; PADDING-TOP: 3px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #efefef 1px solid; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } .Fund-GAGTextIndent { MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: = 25px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .Fund-GAGText { MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5px; FONT-FAMILY: = arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .Fund-TableBox { BORDER-BOTTOM: #003399 1px solid } TH.Fund-TableTitle { PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.95em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: white; = PADDING-TOP: 4px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #003399; TEXT-ALIGN: left } TH.Fund-TableDate { PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: = 0.95em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: white; = PADDING-TOP: 4px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #003399; TEXT-ALIGN: right } TD.Fund-TableBox2 { PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 6px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #cccccc 1px solid; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: left } .Fund-TableText { PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-SIZE: = 0.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; PADDING-TOP: 4px; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .Fund-TableTextDate { PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-SIZE: = 0.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; PADDING-TOP: 4px; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: right } .Fund-TableSubHeading { PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-WEIGHT: = normal; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; = PADDING-TOP: 4px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #003399 1px solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } P.funding-legend { BORDER-RIGHT: black 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5px; BORDER-TOP: black = 1px solid; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: black 1px solid; = LINE-HEIGHT: 1em; PADDING-TOP: 5px; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1px solid; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } #topNews { MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: silver 1px solid } #topNews H2 { BORDER-TOP: silver 1px solid; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; WIDTH: = 300px; COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.8em; FONT-FAMILY: verdana, arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; LETTER-SPACING: 0.1em; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } #topNews LI { MARGIN-TOP: 3px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; LINE-HEIGHT: = normal; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } #topNews A { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #topNews A:visited { COLOR: purple; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #topNews A:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } #features { PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: = 5px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; WIDTH: 445px; PADDING-TOP: 0px } #instituteTable { BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; = FONT-SIZE: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 15px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 1px solid; = COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #006600 } .instBox { PADDING-RIGHT: 2px; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: silver 1px solid; = LINE-HEIGHT: normal; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-BOTTOM: silver 1px solid; = FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: white } .fundBox A { COLOR: #003399; TEXT-DECORATION: none } .fundBox A:visited { COLOR: purple; TEXT-DECORATION: none } .fundBox A:hover { COLOR: maroon; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } .fundBox STRONG { FONT-SIZE: 1em } .fundBox TD { VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle } .fundBox HR { COLOR: #003399; HEIGHT: auto; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #003399 } .fundTitle { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: silver 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; = FONT-SIZE: 0.7em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: silver 1px solid; = PADDING-TOP: 2px } .notice { BORDER-RIGHT: black 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; BORDER-TOP: black = 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; FONT-SIZE: 0.95em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: auto; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 3px; BORDER-LEFT: black 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; = PADDING-TOP: 3px; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1px solid; FONT-FAMILY: arial, = helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ececec } .sitemaplevel1 { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 1.2em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 5px; LINE-HEIGHT: = 2em; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .sitemaplevel2 { FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1.1em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 5px; = MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .sitemaplevel3 { FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 1em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: = 35px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .sitemaplevel4 { FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; MARGIN-LEFT: 55px; FONT-FAMILY: = arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .sitemaplevel5 { FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; MARGIN-LEFT: 75px; FONT-FAMILY: = arial, helvetica, sans-serif } .sitemaplevel6 { FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 0.85em; MARGIN-LEFT: 90px; FONT-FAMILY: = arial, helvetica, sans-serif } ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C91F4E.8066CA20--

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